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Assessment of insecticide susceptibility status against Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Jabi-Tahinan district ,Northwest Ethiopia
The two synthetic insecticide methods for malaria prevention and control are indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). Nevertheless, insecticide resistance of Anopheles gambiae s.l., threatens long-term efficiency of the methods. This study was conducted in a controlled laboratory setting against larvae and pupae brought from various breeding sites of Jabi-Tahinan district and reared to adulthood under optimal temperature and humidity conditions. Six insecticides, namely deltamethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, propoxur, pirimiphos-methyl, bendiocarb, and permethrin, were tested for their effectiveness against the target mosquitoes. The susceptibility test was performed based on the WHO guidelines from September to December 2022, involving a total of 2,100 mosquito specimens. The results revealed that the An. gambiae s.l. exhibited resistance to alpha-cypermethrin (46.7 to 61.3%), deltamethrin (85.3 to 86.7), and permethrin (84 to 88%). However, bendiocarb (0.1%), pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%), and propoxur (0.1%) were found to be highly effective, with susceptibility rates ranging from 98.67% to 100%. The findings suggest that these insecticides remain viable options for malaria vector control in the study region. Further research on the mechanisms of resistance in An. gambiae s.l. is suggested.
