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Biological Effects of Millettia ferruginea (Hochst.) Baker Solvent Extracts on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)
Throughout the lower, warmer regions of Ethiopia, the most damaging pest to cabbage is the Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.; Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbages growers employ artificial pesticides as a temporary fix, which has negative effects on both human health and the environment. The purpose of this study is to test how different solvent preparations of Millettia ferruginea (Hochst) Baker seeds affect P. xylostella larval settling, pupation, and adult emergence. The plant was used to make solvent extractions in a range of polarity and dosage. The leaf dipping method was used for both assays, and the powder extract concentrations in water (w/v) were 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 mg/ml. Five replications of each rate were used in the fully randomized design of the experiment. The number of larvae that settled, pupated, and emerged as adults were counted every day. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on count data to ascertain the impact of the treatments. In the tests using water and acetic acid extracts, very few larvae settled, pupated, and emerged as adults at the lower rates; however, acetone extract prevented the incidence of larval settlement, pupation, and adult emergence. Most larvae in the control group pupated on the eighth day. Nevertheless, at all solvent extract rates, no larvae pupated on this day. The larvae that pupated on toluene extract were the most numerous. On acetone and at all the higher rates of water extract, no adults appeared. On extracts of chloroform and toluene, adults emerged from pupae more slowly and at greater rates. According to these findings, M. ferrugginea extracted with acetone is the most efficient way to manage P. xylostella L.
