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Investigation of basaltic rock in Debre Tabor and its surrounding, South Gondar, Amhara Region, North Western Ethiopia
The research region, which spans roughly 662.4 km2, is located on the Northwestern Ethiopia plateau, roughly 107 km northeast of Bahir Dar, the Amhara Region's capital. The general objective of the research work is investigation of basaltic rocks in Debre Tabor and its surrounding. Reviewing earlier research, fieldwork (getting new rock samples), and post-fieldwork (analyzing petrographic and geochemical results) are the methods employed to accomplish the goal. The phenocrysts of olivine, pyroxene, Fe-Ti Oxide, and plagioclase are found in the porphyritic and trachytic textures of the thin section view of basaltic rocks. Because of crustal contamination and an enriched mantle source of magma, basaltic rocks exhibit LREE enrichment in chondorite normalized REE patterns (e.g., the (La/Yb)N ratio ranges from 12.37 to 16.11). Debre Tabor basaltic rocks are plotted in the field of crustal/lithospheric values and fall outside of the mantle value (Ce/Pb; 25 ± 5; Nb/U = 47 ± 10). This provides a strong indication of the crustal contamination effect of mantle-derived magma. Low Rb/Nb (0.5-0.97) and La/Nb (0.72-0.97) ratios and chondrite, primitive mantle normalized incompatible trace element patterns for basaltic rocks overlied on OIB are found in all mafic rock samples in the study area. This indicates that the magma in the study area originated from the deep mantle with a lower degree of partial melting. The magma that gave rise to the Debre Tabor basaltic rocks was influenced by crustal contamination and crystal fractionation of mantle-derived magma, rather than by the solidification of original magma. A deeper comprehension of basaltic rocks can be achieved by the use of isotope geochemistry, mineral chemistry, and extra whole rock research. Additionally, iron resources are located close to Magere Mariam Church, and qualified businesses ought to be announced for their exploration.
