Malaria is one of the most salient public health problems in the world. Nearly half of the world’s population remains at risk of malaria; particularly pregnant women and children are dying due to low immunity caused by this disease. The major Vectors responsible for malaria transmission in Ethiopia are Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles pharoensis, Anopheles funestus, and Anopheles nil. Currently, the chemical controlling mechanism of malaria vector is applied, (where an idea seems missing here). However, chemical pesticides have complications like pollution of the environment, human health hazards, harm to non-target species, and rapid evolution of pesticide resistance in pests. Most studies recommended that native Bacillus thuringiensis isolated in the surrounding environment improved toxicity against the malaria vector through the creation of pores in the epithelial cells of the insect’s midgut and ion exchange within cells to support the development of bio pesticide alternative insecticides. Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that produces crystalline and cytolytic proteins during sporulation. The aim of this review is to address the biological controlling potential of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein against the major malaria-causing mosquito vectors.
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